{"page":"/blog/dsa-advertising-transparency","modified":"2026-11-10","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","columns":["Who","Ad duties","Articles","Who enforces"],"rows":[["Online platforms (not micro or small)","Label each ad; show advertiser, payer and main targeting parameters; no special-category profiling ads; no profiling ads to known minors","26, 28","National Digital Services Coordinator (Article 52)"],["VLOPs and VLOSEs","All of the above, plus a public ad repository and risk assessment of ad systems","26, 28, 34(2)(d), 35(1)(e), 39","European Commission (Article 74)"],["Ad tech intermediaries (DSPs, SSPs, ad servers)","No direct duty under Articles 26 or 39; named in voluntary codes","46","Not applicable"],["Websites that are not platforms","No Article 26 duty","n/a","n/a"]],"sourceUrls":[["https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2065/oj/eng"],["https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2065/oj/eng"],[],[]]}