{"page":"/blog/sovereign-cloud-providers","modified":"2026-11-10","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","columns":["Question","Public cloud region in the EU","Sovereign cloud","Private cloud"],"rows":[["Where is the data?","In the chosen EU region","In the EU, often in one country","Where the owner puts it"],["Who operates it?","The provider's global teams","EU-resident staff or an EU partner","The owner or its contractor"],["Who holds the keys?","Provider by default; customer keys optional","Customer or partner keys, often in an external HSM","The owner"],["Who owns the operator?","Often a non-EU parent","Varies: a non-EU parent's EU subsidiary, an EU partner, or an EU company","The owner"],["Shared hardware?","Yes","Usually yes, inside a separate partition","No"]],"sourceUrls":[[],[],[],[],[]]}